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Effects of weightlifting and breathing technique on blood pressure and heart rate.
Weight training is a method commonly used to increase strength. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the effect of breathing technique during weight training on heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). After completing a health history questionnaire, 30 subjects (16 men: 21.25 +/- 1.21 years, 180.26 +/- 2.36 cm, 84.31 +/- 19.32 kg; and 14 women: 21.29 +/- 2.37 years, 170.08 +/- 2.15 cm, 137.36 +/- 62.31 kg) were familiarized and tested for an estimated 1 repetition maximum, on the chest press and leg press lifts using each of the 2 breathing techniques, hold breath (HB), and controlled breathing. Lifts were examined using each breathing technique with 1 set of 10 repetitions on separate days. Data were collected during the push phase on average of 3.72 times per set and again at 1 and 5 minutes post lift. Resting, during lift (peak, average); 1-minute and 5-minute post lift BP; and HR values were measured using the NIBP100A noninvasive BP system (Biopac Systems, Inc), for both breathing technique within each lift. The HB technique posted higher but statistically insignificant (p < 0.05) values for systolic BP (p = 0.420), diastolic BP (p = 0.531), and HR (p = 0.713) than the controlled breath technique. The HB technique used in this investigation produced minimal elevations in HR and BP and appears to be safe when performing the chest press and leg press lifts at a moderate resistance. Education on proper weight training techniques can help limit unwanted risks during these exercises.
Lepley AS, Hatzel BM. J Strength Cond Res. 2010 Aug;24(8):2179-83. Movement Science Department, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan, USA. leple013@umn.edu
When it comes to higher human intelligence, there is curse with which we all live. Our highly developed frontal lobe allows us to anticipate the future and simulate a wide range of potential events. On one hand, this allows us to participate in strategic planning and goal setting as we create our lives. On a more mundane level, these capabilities allow us to do simple task such as walking and driving. On the other hand, when these abilities get out of control they can turn our life into a living hell. Our instinctual drive for self-preservation leads us to identify and seek to avoid any...
The topic of bullying continues to be in the limelight. Just about everyone wants to show compassion for the victim and feels like the perpetrator needs to experience some sort of retribution. We see this not only in the popular media but also on videos like the one above. Very little is mentioned, however, about the long-term consequences of being bullied. It seems like most of the reactions whether sanctioned or not seem to revolve around punishing the bully and...